OSPF is a link-state routing protocol. OSPF was developed based on an
open standard and is supported by several router manufacturers.
OSPF is widely used as an interior gateway protocol (IGP), especially in large
network environments. Interior gateway protocols, including OSPF, route
within a single routing domain. A single routing domain, also known as an
autonomous system (AS), is a group of routers and network addresses that
use a common routing system. For example, a network that uses OSPF on all
routers is an autonomous system. This network can be connected to a large
service provider network that is using another routing protocol such as IS-IS
(Intermediate System–to–Intermediate System). The service provider’s IS-IS
network is another autonomous system. The protocol used to route between
autonomous systems and between large Internet service providers is called
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). It is not necessary to know all the details
about IGPs and BGPs, but it is important to know that OSPF is classified as
an interior gateway protocol.
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